α-ketoglutarate (α-KG)
2-Oxoglutarate (2-OG)
Molecular Formula ：C5H6O5
Molecular Weight：146.02
CAS No：328-50-7
Structure:
Brief introduction
α-Ketoglutarate (α-KG) is an important organic acid belonging to the class of keto acids. It is widely present in animal and plant cells, particularly in tissues with high energy demands, such as muscles, liver, and brain. It is a key intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle. α-KG plays a central role in cellular energy metabolism, amino acid synthesis, and nitrogen metabolism. Additionally, it participates in various biochemical reactions, including redox reactions and signal transduction.
Application
α-KG is believed to have anti-aging potential. Studies suggest that it can delay cellular aging by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway and activating the AMPK pathway. α-KG exhibits antioxidant properties, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. It also enhances cellular antioxidant capacity by regulating intracellular levels of reduced glutathione (GSH).
α-KG is widely used in sports nutrition. It improves energy metabolism efficiency, delays exercise-induced fatigue, and promotes post-exercise recovery. Some studies indicate that α-KG supplementation can increase muscle endurance and strength.
α-KG plays a crucial role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. By promoting the TCA cycle and enhancing mitochondrial function, it improves insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism, helping to prevent obesity and type 2 diabetes.
α-KG supports immune cell function by regulating the TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism. It also enhances immune defense by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
α-KG has neuroprotective effects. It supports cognitive function and alleviates symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) by providing energy, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating neurotransmitter synthesis.
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